Paws and Claws

  Introduction: Hemorrhagic septicemia (HS) is a highly fatal bacterial disease affecting livestock animals, primarily cattle and buffalo. It significantly threatens the livestock industry, especially in tropical and subtropical regions. This article aims to provide farmers with detailed information about the disease, its causes, symptoms, prevention, and control measures to ensure the health and productivity of their herds. What is Hemorrhagic Septicemia? Hemorrhagic septicemia is caused by the bacterium Pasteurella multocida , specifically the B:2 and E:2 serotypes. The disease is characterized by sudden onset, rapid progression, and high mortality rates, often reaching up to 80% in affected herds. It is most prevalent during the rainy season, as the bacterium thrives in wet and humid conditions. Transmission: The primary transmission mode is through direct contact with infected animals or contaminated environments and infected saliva that contaminates feed and water. The bacteri...

Foot-and-Mouth Disease (FMD) is a highly contagious viral disease that poses a significant threat to livestock worldwide. It is rarely fatal. Understanding the nature of FMD, its transmission, symptoms, and preventive measures is crucial for farmers to protect their herds and prevent outbreaks. What is FMD? Foot-and-Mouth Disease is caused by the Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus (FMDV), belonging to the Picornaviridae family (member of the genus Apthovirus). The disease is characterized by fever and blisters in the mouth and on the feet, leading to severe economic impacts due to loss of productivity and trade restrictions. There are seven serotypes of FMD virus (FMDV), namely O, A, C, SAT 1, SAT 2, SAT 3, and Asia 1. O is most common worldwide. It only takes a few virus particles to cause an infection. Remains viable in the environment up to 3 months (6 months in cold areas). Not killed by normal Pasteurization and lives for months in Meat & milk products. Suscept...